Install Nginx On Ubuntu 16.04

【原文】How To Install Nginx on Ubuntu 16.04

install nginx

Nginx is available in Ubuntu’s default repositories, so the installation is rather straight forward.

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sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

Adjust the Firewall (use ufw)

get a listing of the application profiles

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sudo ufw app list
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//Output
Available applications:
Nginx Full
Nginx HTTP
Nginx HTTPS
OpenSSH

enable

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sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'

verify

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sudo ufw status

Check your Web Server

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systemctl status nginx

Manage the Nginx Process

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sudo systemctl stop nginx
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl restart nginx
//If you are simply making configuration changes, Nginx can often reload without dropping connections. To do this, this command can be used:
sudo systemctl reload nginx

By default, Nginx is configured to start automatically when the server boots. If this is not what you want, you can disable this behavior by typing:

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sudo systemctl disable nginx

To re-enable the service to start up at boot, you can type:

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sudo systemctl enable nginx

Get Familiar with Important Nginx Files and Directories

Content /var/www/html: The actual web content, which by default only consists of the default Nginx page you saw earlier, is served out of the /var/www/html directory. This can be changed by altering Nginx configuration files.

Server Configuration /etc/nginx: The Nginx configuration directory. All of the Nginx configuration files reside here.

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf: The main Nginx configuration file. This can be modified to make changes to the Nginx global configuration.

/etc/nginx/sites-available/: The directory where per-site “server blocks” can be stored. Nginx will not use the configuration files found in this directory unless they are linked to the sites-enabled directory (see below). Typically, all server block configuration is done in this directory, and then enabled by linking to the other directory.

/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/: The directory where enabled per-site “server blocks” are stored. Typically, these are created by linking to configuration files found in the sites-available directory.

/etc/nginx/snippets: This directory contains configuration fragments that can be included elsewhere in the Nginx configuration. Potentially repeatable configuration segments are good candidates for refactoring into snippets.

Server Logs /var/log/nginx/access.log: Every request to your web server is recorded in this log file unless Nginx is configured to do otherwise.

/var/log/nginx/error.log: Any Nginx errors will be recorded in this log.

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